Israel initiated a series of unprecedented strikes across Iran on Friday, June 13, 2025, targeting critical nuclear and military sites, a move that prompted intensified regional tensions. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed the operation, stating it would continue for “many days” to counter threats to Israel’s survival.

The Israeli military reported deploying 200 fighter jets in “large-scale strikes” aimed at “the heart of Iran’s nuclear program” and its ballistic missile capabilities. Targets reportedly included the main enrichment facility in Natanz, as well as military radars and surface-to-air missile launchers. Explosions were heard in the Iranian capital, with state media indicating hits on residential areas. While the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) noted no increase in radiation levels at Natanz, its head, Rafael Grossi, strongly condemned any attacks on nuclear facilities.

The assaults resulted in significant casualties among Iran’s senior military and scientific personnel. General Hossein Salami, commander-in-chief of the elite Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and Major General Mohammad Bagheri, Iran’s highest-ranking military officer, were confirmed killed. Former national security chief Ali Shamkhani and six nuclear scientists were also reported dead. Iranian state media also claimed civilian casualties, including children.

In response, Iran’s military launched over 100 drones towards Israeli territory, which Israel stated its air defenses were actively intercepting. Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei warned Israel to expect “severe punishment,” while a spokesperson for Iran’s armed forces declared that both the United States and Israel would “pay dearly.” Public protests erupted in Iranian cities, with demonstrators demanding a “powerful response.”

The United States has denied direct involvement in the Israeli strikes, although Secretary of State Marco Rubio indicated Israel had advised the US of the necessity of the action for its self-defense. Meanwhile, President Donald Trump urged Iran to reach a nuclear deal “before there is nothing left,” hinting at potentially more brutal future attacks.

The escalating conflict has heightened fears of a broader regional war, with analysts noting Israel may be capitalizing on Iran’s weakened military position due to sanctions and prior attacks on its proxies. The international community, including the UN, has called for maximum restraint to prevent further escalation.